基于生命史学观探究明清北京百姓视角下的瘟疫-《西部中医药》

文章信息/Info

Title:: A Study on the Plague from the Perspective of the People of Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties Based on Historiographical View of Life

Author(s):: ZHANG Han¹, SUN Lingzhi²; 1.School of Acupuncture and Massage, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
2.School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China

Keywords:: social history of health care; life history; local chronicles; plague; plague caused by ghosts and gods

摘要:: 从生命史学角度出发，分析北京地方志中底层百姓瘟疫期间的应对方式，展现瘟疫时期百姓的生存现状、心理状态、社会行为。同时透过疫病时期底层百姓的诸多措施，反映瘟疫流行时期的社会状貌。揭示出百姓、瘟疫、社会间的关系，呈现底层百姓的身体感知、生命观念及其与明清瘟疫爆发时期社会文化因素的内在关联，以期在医疗社会文化史研究蓬勃兴起的今天，针对既往疫病史专注“疫病规律挖掘”本身而对底层百姓社会反映研究不足的情况进行补充，落在关注生命本体的史学观上。

Abstract:: From a life history perspective, the author analyses the coping styles of lower and middle classes during the plague in the local chronicles of Beijing, revealing the living status, psychological state and social behavior of the people during the epidemic period. Meanwhile, many measures taken by the lower classes during the epidemic could reflect the state of society during the epidemic period. The relationship between the people, plague and society was revealed to represent physical perception of the underclass, their concept of life and their internal connections with social and cultural factors during the period of plague outbreaks in the Ming and Qing dynasties, hoping to supplement the inadequate studies in the social reflections of the underclass people nowadays, at a time when the research on the social and cultural history of healthcare is booming, and the studies should focus on the "excavation of epidemiological patterns" itself for a history of previous epidemics based on a historical perspective that emphasizes life itself.